Device for making perspective drawings



Aug. 14, 1934. w. R. MccoY DEVICE FOR MAKING PERSPECTIVE DRAWINGS Filed Jun 21, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet l ZZWLEJFC LZZ BY Wf ATTOR N EYS Aug. 14, 1934. w. R. M COY DEVICE FOR MAKING PERSPECTIVE DRAWINGS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 21, 1952 BY A960 /amwra.

ATTORNEYS)- Aug. 14, 1934. E w, R, MQCOY 1,969,758

DEVICE FOR MAKING PERSPECTIVE DRAWINGS Filed June 21, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Nels/A 1T Nil/v?) Patented Aug. 14, I934 DEVICE FOR MAKING P DRAWINGS William B. McCoy, Mount Vernon, m.

Application June 21, 1932, Serial No. 618,522

4 Claims. (01. 33-11) The object of this invention is the provision of a system and means whereby an architectural draftsman can draw a picture or true perspective of a building from a plan view thereof and, of course, before the building is erected.

The invention will be fully andcomprehensively understood from a consideration of the following detailed description when read in connection with the accompanying drawings which form part of the application, with the understanding, however, that the improvement is capable of extended application and is not confined to the exact showing of the drawings nor to the precise construction described and, therefore, such changes and modifications may be made therefrom as do not affect the spiritof the invention nor exceed the scope thereof as expressed in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of a drafting board 20 having a drawing sheet thereon and illustrating the manner in which a perspective view of a picture plan is made.

Figures 2 and 3 illustrate a perspective view of the plate employed, the plate in Figure 2 being shown in a reverse position to that in Figure 3.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the straight edge or arm employed.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the T-square.

Figure 6 is a plan view thereof.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the segmental strip or plate employed in connection with the main plate when the height of the perspective view of the building is greater than ordinary.

Figure 8 is a perspective view of an ordinary T-square showing the head which provides an important element of the improvement removably attached thereto.

Figure 9 is a sectional view approximately on the line 99 of Figure 8, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figures 10 and 11 are diagrammatic views.

As disclosed by Figure 1 of the drawings I make use of a drawing board of the size usually employed by architectural draftsmen. On the board I attach, by the usual thumb tacks, a sheet of drafting paper P. On either the right or the left hand side of the board, over the paper P I attach by thumb tacks a plate'6. In the showing of Figure 1 the plate is attached to the left hand side of the board and the outer face of the plate 6 is reamed around the openings through which the thumb tacks pass so that the heads of the tacks will not project over the upper face of the plate.

,55 The plate 6 is one of the important elements of the improvement and may be of varying desired lengths and widths. The plate has a straight edge 7, while its second edge is arcuate and of convex shape as indicated by the numeral 8 in the drawings. The upper face of the plate 6, from its convex edge 8, and for a suitable distance from its ends is cutaway or formed with a depressed portion 9, and the inner wall 10 provided by the said depression affords an arcuate or concaved shoulder. The plate 6, on the depressed or reduced portion 9 thereof, as well as on the elevated portion between the edges 10 and 7 has centrally inscribed thereon a transverse line 11, and this line affords a guide for scribing a horizontal line as will hereinafter be apparent. Both the elevated and depressed portions of the plate, from the line 11 have inscribed thereon rule scales l2 and 13, respectively, the scale marks being of course equidistantly spaced and being arranged in opposite series from the horizontal scribe line 11. The scales 12 and 13 are spaced to agree with the scale taken by the draftsman when drawing plan views of a building.

The reduced ends of the plate 6 are cut at opposite angles, as indicated by the numeral 14 and the outer face of the plate, inward of such angle ends, has inscribed thereon a pair of spaced lines 15 and 16, respectively, the said lines being drawn right angularly with respect to the straight edge 7 of the plate. The outer line 15 in the showing of Figure 1 of the drawings, at the upper end of the plate provides a mark from which the picture plane line 1 is drawn on the paper P, while the upper line 16 at the bottom of the plate, when the said plate is arranged as shown by Figure 1 provides the station point line.

, When necessary, as when a perspective view of an extremely tall building is to be drawn on the paper P, a segmental plate whose outer edge is struck at the same curvature as the convex edge of the plate 6, is placed against the upper angle end of the said plate and secured on the board by thumb tacks, any number of such thumb tacks whose heads are embedded in recesses in said segmental plate 15' may be employed.

Along the line 11 on the plate 6 there is drawn a horizontal line 3 which terminates in vanishing points 4 and 5, respectively. These vanishing points are not visible to the draftsman, but the concaved edge or wall 10 of the plate 6 is struck from the vanishing point 5 and the convex edge 8 of the plate 6 is struck from. the vanishing point 4.

Having its straight end in contact with the and to the board by thumb tacks and the outer end of the arm 16 is provided with an upstanding A picture plan 2 is arranged over the paper P and one of the corners or center of vision is brought into contact with the picture plane line 1. The plan 2 may be arranged at any desired angle on the paper P but the peg 17 is in a line with the center of vision line of the perspective view of the building to be drawn on the paper. A

straight edge 18 has one of its edges brought to contact with the peg 1'7 and the same is turned upon the fulcrum pin l'land during such turning the draftsman scribes from each point and from each opening or projection on the part of the plan 2 next to the picture plane line 1 radial lines 19, each of which has an intercept with the picture plane line 1. These intercepts for distinction are indicated by the numerals 20. Thestraight edge 18 is now removed and the arm 16 may be also removed, and there is arranged against the straight edge '1 of the plate 6 the head of a T-square 21." This T-square may be of the ordinary construction or may be provided with an especially constructed head which will presently be described in detail. Another T-square, or a right angle triangle 22, disclosed by the dotted lines in Figure 1 is arranged against the upper edge of the blade of the T-square 21 and is moved longitudinally thereover so that vertical lines 23 may be drawn on the paper P and which vertical lines extend from the intercepts 20. In this manner all of the vertical lines for the perspective or picture view of a building are obtained. I

T-squares having heads of a special constructionare now employed. The head 24 has its inner face concaved and reduced for a determined portion of its length as indicated by the character 25 in Figures 5 and 6 of the drawings.

The end of'the blade 26 is fixed in the reduced portion 25 of the head 24 in a manner whereby one of its edges, indicated for distinction bythe numeral 27, is in a line with the transverse center of the head 24 and the edge 27'provides the active end of the T-square. The active edge 27 of the blade 26 is arranged at an equal distance from the ends of the head 24. The inner edge of the head 24 is concaved, as at 27', and terminates in rounded knobs 28 which are arranged at the inner corners of the head 24. The head of the T-square has its concaved and knob carrying edge brought to engage withthe concaved edge 10 of the plate 6. This brings-the T-squa-re to the position indicated by the character C in Figure 1 and as the T-square is moved along the concaved edge 10 and brought opposite the rule scale 13 ,on the plate'6 and lines are scribed at such points the front of the building from the top to the ground line thereof is drafted on the paper, while bringing the knob and concaved end of the T-square into contact with the outer convex edge 8 of the plate first to the position indicated by the character D and thereafter to the position indicated by the character E in the drawings and drawing lines at the points indicated by the scale marks the top and bottom of the side of the building are drafted. To obtain the heights of the doors, windows, and ornamentation of the building a proportional divider or like instrument is employed by the draftsman -of the head 24' have attached thereto angle to make dents or impressions along the line of vision of the building picture and such doors.

windows, etc.,-are drawn by moving the T-square when in either of itspositions D or C .in a manner described in the drafting of the top and bottom of the building picture.

In Figure 10 I have illustrated the manner in which. the plate 6 and the segmental strip 15' may be employed upon either side of the paper on which the picture view of,.the building is to be drawn and likewise on this said figure I have shown the picture plane line 29 scribed at different spaces on the segmental strip 5 so that the picture plane line may-be drawn-on the paper froin any of the indicating lines 29. The importance of this is that the center of vision. of theplan 2 may be arranged at any of the picture plane lines 30 so thatthe picture of the building will appear near or at a distance from the observer.

In Figure 11 I have illustrated a diagram to show that vertical lines draw'n on the vanishing points to intercept the plane picture line andthe angle lines drawn from the station point to. such intercepts afforded by the pegl'l, will be parallel with the side and end walls of the plan 2 and also that the radii of the concaved and convexed edges of the plate 6 and those of the strip 15' are struck from the respective vanishing points 4 and 5.

In Figures Band .9. I have illustrated the T- square headelement 24 employedby me, as attached to the head of an ordinary T-square. The blade 31 on the head 32 of the ordinary T-square is passed throughthe depression 25'. The ends brackets .33, the upper vangle ends 34 of which being arranged over the head 32 and the straight edge of the said head being in contact with the, vertical elements of the brackets. I screw through threaded openings in the said angle ends of the 5 brackets short bolts having milled heads 35, the... inner faces of the said bolts preferably having swiveled thereon discs 36 which are brought into direct contact with the outer face of the head 32 of the T-square.

, It is believed that when the foregoing has been carefully read in connection with the accompanying drawings that my improved drafting device for executing angular perspective views will be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art to which the invention relates so that further detailed description will not be required.

Having described the invention, I claim:

1. A means for producing an angle perspective view on a sheet of paper from a plan or top view of a building or the like, in which the paper is inscribed with a picture plane mark against which one of the corners of an angularly arranged plan attached to said sheet is in contact and in which a horizontal line is inscribed on the paper and which horizontal line terminates in invisible vanishing points which are located a distance away from the paper, said means including a plate having a straight edge arranged on the sheet in a vertical line and tacked thereto, one edge of the plate being convex and another straight and struck from the vanishing point beyond the straight edge of the plate, said plate having one face reduced to afford an inner concaved edge which is struck from the second vanishing point, a straight arm adapted to be tacked to the paper and extending right angularly from the straight edge of the plate adjacent to the lower portion thereof and said arm having at one end an upstanding stud, a straight edge to 150 contact with said stud and to swing along the side and end of the plan to permit of angle lines being inscribed on the paper sheet from all of the parts of the plan and such lines terminating with the picture plane mark, a T-square to contact with the straight edge of the plate and to have a right angularly arranged element moved thereover for scribing vertical lines on the sheet from the terminal of the angle lines to indicate the vertical lines of the'plan, said T-square having one edge of its head concaved and its corners provided with-rounded protrusions and the blade of the T-square having one of its edges arranged in a line with the transverse center of the head, said T-square designed to be moved over the convex edge of the plate in a line with the marks on the vertical lines to permit of the inscription of lines along the sides from the ground to the top of the perspective representation of the building, and said T-square designed to be moved along the convex edge to permit of the scribing of the front of the perspective view of the building from the ground to the top thereof.

2. In means for producing picture views of buildings from a plan and before such buildings are erected, a plate to be reversely attached to either side or end of a drawing board on which a plan of a building is arranged, said plate having one of its edges straight and another convexed, said plate also having a cut-out portion to provide a concaved shoulder, the face of the plate within said cut-out portion having a central horizontal line and having linear graduations extending from said line, an arm to be arranged against the straight edge of the plate and to be removably secured to the drawing board and having one end formed with an outstanding pin that affords a fulcrum for a straight edge, and a T- square having one face of its head concaved and the comers of said concaved portion formed with knobs. and said T-square designed to be guided over the concaved and the convexed face of the plate.

3. In means for producing picture views of buildings from a plan and before such buildings are erected, a plate to be reversely attached to either side or end of a drawing board on which a plan of a building is arranged, said plate having one of itsedges straight and another edge convexed, said plate also having a cut-out portion to provide a concaved shoulder, the face of the plate within said cut-out portion having a central horizontal line and having linear graduations extending from said line, an arm to be arranged against the straight edge of the plate and to be removably secured to the drawing board and having one end formed with an outstanding pin that affords a fulcrum for a straight edge, and a two-headed T-square having one of its heads concaved and the corners of said concaved portion formed with knobs and said T-square designed to be guided over the concaved and the convexed face of the plate, said plate having its ends cut at angles and segmental strips designed to be attached to the drawing board and to have one of their ends contact with one of the angle ends of the plate, and said strips being inscribed with spaced picture plane lines.

4. An auxiliary head for a draftsmans T- square, to be employed in connection with a plate as herein described, said auxiliary head having an inner concaved edge that terminates in rounded knobs at the corners thereof, said auxiliary head having the middle portion of one of its faces reduced in thickness for the passage of the blade of a T-square therethrough and having its said face, adjacent to its ends provided with upstanding brackets having outer angle ends and short headed bolts screwed through said ends for clamping engagement with the head of the T- square.

WILLIAM R. MCCOY. 

